Principles in the Design of Mobile Medical Apps: Guidance for Those who Care

The promises of mobile technology in healthcare have led to a great many mobile apps in public app stores that target patients with specific illnesses. Medical experts have criticized the status quo of mobile medical apps owing to the low level of professional medical involvement in mobile app design, leading to weak clinical performance and a poor integration of these tools into clinical practice. Grounded in an action design research study, we build and evaluate a mobile app for elderly patients with age-related macular degeneration. We formalize our learnings and provide a set of design principles to guide the effective and feasible construction of mobile medical apps. Our study systematically develops design knowledge that helps to bridge the current gap between the rapid advances in mobile technology and the specific needs of the healthcare sector

From Paper-Based to Mobile Checklists - A Reference Model

Checklists are cognitive tools that ensure quality, safety and reduce human errors when executing working routines. Besides their popularity in practice, checklists increasingly receive attention from academics, who have even called for a "science of checklists". According to prior studies, mobile checklists are more effective than their paper-based alternatives, but research in this domain is still limited. It focuses on mobile checklists' use and benefits, ra- ther than on their characteristics and design. Our study aims at developing a reference model for conceptualizing mobile checklists. The suggested reference model has been constructed by following design science principles, based on an extensive analysis of paper-based and mobile checklists from the literature and from the practical world. Its main contribution is a shared understanding of the domain knowledge between users and developers, which helps to communicate innovative ideas about mobile checklist application

From One to Many Business Models: Uncovering Characteristics of Business Model Portfolios

As business model (BM) innovation has become one of management’s top priorities, anecdotal evidence suggests that firms do not have one single BM but run multiple BMs in parallel. From an academic perspective, only few attempts have been made until today, to broaden the scope of research from one to many BMs within firm boundaries. To close this gap, we systematically review the emerging literature on “multiple” BMs, based on a theoretical framework that links the BM concept with general mechanisms of corporate portfolio management. Our results show that firms develop BM portfolios as a direct result of challenges in today’s technology-driven environment, such as disruptive industry BMs and the need to commercialize technologies with innovative BMs. More specifically, our findings challenge the general assumption that firms should (or can) be described based on a single BM. Segmentation, configuration and coordination of multiple BMs can complement a customer-centric perspective in the BM development and management process, not only for large organizations. We provide initial characteristics of these mechanisms and outline areas for future research

Entering the World of Individual Routines: The Affordances of Mobile Applications

The IS discipline has a long tradition in investigating how new technologies affect work practices, but has mostly focused on the organizational level. With mobile applications, we are facing a new technology wave that is centered on the individual users. Despite their popularity, mobile applications' possibilities to enhance an individual's knowledge, skills, and competence in daily work practices have not been studied in a systematic way. Building on the concept of routines from organizational theory and insights from two field studies, we investigate mobile applications acting as material artifacts and their possibilities of goal-oriented actions in individual routines. Our main contributions are the extension of Pentland & Feldman's generative system model and a set of affordances that mobile applications bring to individual routines. Our findings complement recent studies on routines at the organizational level and contribute to enhance artifact design knowledge for mobile applications beyond "interaction design"

Circular dichroism and bilayer splitting in the normal state of underdoped (Pb,Bi)2_2Sr2_2(Cax_xY1−x_{1-x})Cu2_2O8+δ_{8+\delta} and overdoped (Pb,Bi)2_2Sr2_2CaCu2_2O8+δ_{8+\delta}

We report an ARPES investigation of the circular dichroism in the first Brillouin zone (BZ) of under- and overdoped Pb-Bi2212 samples. We show that the dichroism has opposite signs for bonding and antibonding components of the bilayer-split CuO-band and is antisymmetric with respect to reflections in both mirror planes parallel to the c-axis. Using this property of the energy and momentum intensity distributions we prove the existence of the bilayer splitting in the normal state of the underdoped compound and compare its value with the splitting in overdoped sample. In agreement with previous studies the magnitude of the interlayer coupling does not depend significantly on doping. We also discuss possible origins of the observed dichroism.Comment: 4 RevTex pages, 4 EPS figure

Analytics as a Service: Cloud Computing and the Trans-formation of Business Analytics Business Models and Ecosystems

Due to the growth of data volumes, volatility and variety, business analytics (BA) become an essential driver of today’s business strategies. However, BA is mainly adopted by large enterprises because it may require a complex and costly infrastructure. As many companies strive to make better use of their data and to adopt data-driven management paradigms, cloud computing has been discussed as a costeffective approach to BA implementation challenges. To date, there has been little attention on the emerging class of analytical cloud services, “Analytics as a service” (AaaS). This article aims at demarcating AaaS as a cloud offering through an explorative research approach based on multiple case studies. Based on the analysis of 28 AaaS offerings, we derive a classification scheme for AaaS business model configurations and derive five business model archetypes. We discuss cloud computing’s implications on the business analytics ecosystem where partner networks play an important role at all levels. By clarifying the definition and characteristics of AaaS business models, our study contributes to the ‘Theory for Analyzing’ that lays the groundwork for future research

Business Model Management: Current Practices, Required Activities and IT Support

This paper explores the concept of business model management, defined as a generic process covering all phases of the business model lifecycle. In contrast to previous business model literature, which is mainly focused on the design of business models, we argue that the successful exploitation of the business model concept requires a dedicated management approach. Due to the lack of extant research in the domain, we build on multiple, exploratory case studies of large organizations, based on 20 expert interviews. This paper contributes to a better understanding of the current practices and needs in business model management and the multifaceted role of the business model concept in each of its phases. Moreover, we suggest roles of IT in the business model management process

When Sales Meet Process Mining: A Scientific Approach to Sales Process and Performance Management

Selling has long been considered as an “art” driven by personal intuition and native sales talent. However, significant changes have occurred over the past 30 years, as a result of technological advances and changing customer expectations. As one answer to these changes, practitioners and scholars have promoted the idea of “sales as a science”, relying on documented, repeatable ways of selling that reflect scientific methods. We argue that process mining is a relevant candidate f or empowering “sales as a science” via its capacity to analyze, discover, and enhance end-to-end processes. Through a design science approach, we propose a framework for applying process mining to sales, comprising a refined notation and seven process min ing analysis scenarios. Our study represents a first step towards gaining a better un derstanding of real-world sales processes based on digital traces from operational systems e.g., customer relationship management (CRM) systems, or emerging technologies e.g., smart watches

Proof for trivalent Sc ions in Sc2@C84 from high-energy spectroscopy

The electronic structure and the valency of the Sc ions in the endohedral dimetallofullerene Sc 2 @C 84 with D 2d symmetry are probed using high-energy spectroscopy. Comparison of the Sc 2p ! 3d x-ray-absorption spectrum with calculated ionic multiplet spectra shows that the Sc ions are trivalent. Detailed multiplet calcu-lations including covalency indicate that the effective valency of the Sc~III! ions can be described by a formal charge transfer to the fullerene cage of 2.660.1. This illustrates that a purely ionic picture is not valid for the electronic structure of Sc 2 @C 84 , and that a more complex picture including finite hybridization between the Sc and the fullerene cage has to be applied

Surprises in the doping dependence of the Fermi surface in Bi(Pb)-2212

A detailed and systematic ARPES investigation of the doping-dependence of the normal state Fermi surface (FS) of modulation-free (Pb,Bi)-2212 is presented. The FS does not change in topology away from hole-like at any stage. The data reveal, in addition, a number of surprises. Firstly the FS area does not follow the usual curve describing Tc vs x for the hole doped cuprates, but is down-shifted in doping by ca. 0.05 holes per Cu site, indicating either the break-down of Luttinger's theorem or the consequences of a significant bi-layer splitting of the FS. Secondly, the strong k-dependence of the FS width is shown to be doping independent. Finally, the relative strength of the shadow FS has a doping dependence mirroring that of Tc.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures (revtex